Diplomatic Theory, authored by Barry Steiner, offers a comprehensive exploration into the art and science of statecraft through a unique case-comparison approach. Spanning 272 pages, this book delves into the resources and techniques employed by nations to achieve their objectives in international relations. Over two decades in development, it presents an inductive method that analyzes small, diverse samples of diplomatic interactions across various time periods and between different states. The focus on empirically-grounded generalization makes a significant contribution to the field, allowing readers to formulate and test hypotheses based on observed case similarities and differences.

Contrary to traditional studies which often approach diplomacy normatively rather than theoretically, this work bridges the gap by integrating diplomatic theory with practical statecraft. It challenges both diplomats emphasizing complexity and theorists focusing on military capabilities or positional rivalries as primary determinants of state behavior. Through a detailed examination of varying diplomatic experiences, particularly the choices made by states, the book illustrates how a diplomatic perspective can significantly enhance theoretical understanding. By distinguishing between cause and effect in diplomatic behavior, it provides invaluable insights for students, practitioners, and researchers alike.